Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi

Genetic Box: Character, Validity, Practicality, and Effectiveness as A Learning Media

Susiani — 2024-01-01

This study employed research and development (R & D) with a four-dimensional development model that includes four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research aimed to determine the characteristics, level of validity, practicality, and effectiveness of genetic box learning media for class XII genetic material at SMA Negeri 22 Bone. The genetics box learning media is a product that is being developed and will be tested through validity, practicality, and effectiveness tests. The research subjects were 29 class XII students at SMA Negeri 22 Bone. The instruments in this study included student and educator response questionnaires to obtain product practicality data, media characteristic sheets to obtain the characteristics of the developed genetics box media, and learning achievement tests to obtain product effectiveness data. According to the findings of this study, the media have an appealing appearance, are clear and neat, and use appealing color combinations. Genetic box media is easy to operate and does not require electronic facilities or equipment to use. In addition, the genetics box has value in helping students understand the material and can provide a comprehensive learning experience. The genetics box media also has quite good tool durability because it is made of hard materials such as wood and boards. The genetics box media formulates learning objectives and refers to material items that support the achievement of those objectives. In addition, the genetics box learning media for class XII genetic material at SMA Negeri 22 Bone has a validity level of expert validity and a material expert value of 3.72 with a very valid category. The response of students and educators to the level of practicality is worth a total of 3.52 in the positive category. The learning achievement test of students using the genetics box learning media on genetic material for class XII at SMAN 22 Bone is in the effective category because it reaches 100%, so the genetics box learning media for class XII genetic material at SMAN 22 Bone is feasible to use because it meets valid, practical, and effective criteria.

The Development of a Mini-research-based Digital Module Using Sigil in Endocrinology Learning

Rahma Widiantie — 2024-01-01

Developing technology-based teaching materials that are more innovative, creative, effective, efficient and contextual is a demand in learning. Lecturers are required to be able to develop media and teaching materials by utilizing technological advances. The aim of this research is to develop complete teaching materials or modules consisting of materials, student worksheets, evaluations, assessment techniques and learning videos to improve students' mastery of concepts using the sigil application. The characteristics of the module developed is a digital module based on mini research, where mini research learning can improve students’, problem solving abilities and integrated science process skills. The method in this research is the Design and Development Research method with the PPE model which includes 3 stages: Planning, Production, and Evaluation. The results of the research are digital modules based on mini PPE research models, planning by analyzing the need to design flowcharts and story boards from digital modules, production by creating digital modules, namely compiling the module framework and endocrinology material in Microsoft Word software (html format) the file is opened in the software sigil editor is saved in epub format, evaluation by material experts and media experts by assessing the feasibility of the digital sigil module based on mini research in endocrinology learning. The results of the validity test based on the appropriate aspects of content, language and presentation are valid. The results of the practicality test by students on the aspects of content, language and usefulness are valid. Mini-research-based digital modules using sigil software are valid, practical and suitable for use in Endocrinology courses with the advantage of facilitating thinking skills and increasing student learning independence.

Growth of Endophytic Bacteria from Klutuk Banana Plant (Musa balbisiana Colla) with Inoculation Trial on Rice Plants (Oryza sativa)

Anggun Dwi Nur Annisa — 2024-01-01

Four potential bacteria have been isolated from Klutuk banana plant. They exhibited IAA production. Since the bacterial inoculation to plant should be performed in exponential phase of bacterial growth, information of the growth is crucial. This study aimed to analyze the growth rate of eight isolates and examine the effect of bacterial inoculation by initial trial on rice plants. For this purpose, four endophytic bacteria from Klutuk banana were cultured and examined using 600nm spectrophotometer. The growth of the isolates was calculated every two hours for 16 hours bacterial growth in the nutrient broth medium. The inoculation trial of bacteria to rice plants was conducted with three replicates. This inoculation was begun by germinating the rice seed and the radicle was observed. Then, the germinated rice seedlings were soaked in the bacterial suspension for 5 minutes in room temperature. The results showed that the exponential phase of all isolates was observed 6 hours after shaking. Inoculation using 6-hour-incubated K7 isolate significantly improved the length of root of rice plants. Additionally, this isolate improved the number of root and shoot length without significant difference. Thus, these results provide important information of the growth phase and inoculation effect new isolated endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria.

Inventarization Macroscopic Fungi at Tegallega Resort Taman Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park

Nabila Khusnul Cahyaningtyas — 2024-01-01

This study aims to inventory macroscopic fungi at Resort Tegallega, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park conducted at three tracking locations. The research method used is descriptive qualitative and with the cruise data collection method (cruise method) by tracing the research location points.

The results obtained based on the research that has been done, it was found that most of the fungi belong to the phylum Basidiomycota and only one type of fungus belongs to the phylum Ascomycota. The environmental conditions where mushrooms grow are not that much different, because the three tracking points are still in the same area.

Effectiveness of Ethanol Gel and Essential Oil of Kencur Rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) base Karbopol against Propionibacterium acnes

Rahayu Samalo — 2024-01-01

Kencur rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) is an aromatic herbal plant as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the physical quality and effectiveness of gel preparations of ethanol extract and essential oil of kencur rhizome based on carbopol inhibiting Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAL) with 2 different treatments of 5 levels each, namely ethanol extract gel treatment and essential oil extract gel with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. The results of the gel formulation of extracts and essential oils based on carbopol showed pH, texture, spreadability and adhesiveness according to the quality standards of topical preparations. The antibacterial inhibition of the gel was moderate at 50% extract concentration (11.41 mm); and 50% essential oil (9.04 mm). Positive control treatment inhibited growth by 15.84 mm while negative control showed no response. The extract gel and essential oil of galangal rhizome had a significant effect but were less effective in inhibiting P. acnes bacteria. Adding the maximum concentration of extract and essential oil can optimize acne healing.

Selection of Proteolytic Bacteria from Bonoloyo Public Burial Place (PBP), Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java

Putri Salwa Salsabilla — 2024-01-01

Public Burial Place (PBP) is a cemetery for everyone. In PBP, protein decomposition occurs actively because the human body is made up of 16.4% protein, so it is most likely that proteolytic bacteria can be found. Previous research has isolated as many as 45 isolates from PBP Bonoloyo, Surakarta, but has not selected their proteolytic capabilities. The aim of the study was to isolate proteolytic bacteria from the Bonoloyo Public Cemetery and identify them. The bacterial isolate of PBP Bonoloyo is a collection from the FKIP Biological Laboratory of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta that selected its proteolytic capabilities using the milk agar scheme (SMA). The parameters measured are the diameter of the colony and the lymphatic zone formed to obtain the value of the proteolytic index (IP). For bacterial isolates showing a positive proteolytic activity, simple identification is carried out through the observation of colonial morphology and Gramme colouring. The results of the study showed that as many as 28 isolates (62.2%) were positive for proteolytic activity, with IP values >2 for B1 and B3. Bacterial proteolytic isolates are dominantly white to yellow with irregular, filamentary, spindle, and circular colonial forms. The results of Gramme colouring show that bacterial isolates that have proteolytic abilities are a group of Gramme negative bacteria that are basil shaped. The bacterial isolate that shows the highest IP value is the B1 isolate, which is suspected to be of the genus Bacillus. This research obtained data showing that in the public cemetery (PBP), Bonoloyo stores potential as a proteolytic bacterial habitat for a group of Gramme negative bacteria.

The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Integrated with Ethnoscience on Critical Thinking Skills in SMA Negeri 01 Kubu

Mitha Gita Isvida — 2024-01-01

This research was motivated by the low critical thinking skills of students at SMAN 01 Kubu. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the model problem-based learning integrated Ethnic on students' critical thinking skills. Sampling uses statistical tests and Effect size. The research sample was students of classes X Mia 1 and X Mia 2 at SMAN 01 Kubu. Data collection uses the Essay test method which refers to Fascione's theory. Based on the research results obtained in the experimental class, the score for the synthesis skills indicator was 71.42%, problem recognition and solving skills 74.28%, evaluation or judging skills 51.42%, analysis skills 80%, and concluding skills 60%. In the control class, scores were for synthesis skills 54.28%, problem recognition and solving skills 14.28%, evaluation or judgment skills 22.85%, analysis skills 60%, and concluding skills 40%. In calculating the effect size, a value of 1.54 was obtained, which is in the very high category.

Morphological Characters of Plant Species of the Zingiberaceae Tribe in Joben Resort Gunung Rinjani National Park, East Lombok

Erika Wulan Milenia — 2024-01-01

Zingiberaceae is a family of aromatic herbaceous plants, pseudostem, and rhizomes. Members of this species are found in the low-high lands (2000 meters above sea level), in areas with very high rainfall, and in humid places. Resort Joben is located in the south of Mount Rinjani so the water source is quite abundant and the humid forest conditions are a place to grow various species of Zingiberaceae. This study aims to determine the species and distribution of Zingiberaceae in the Joben Resort, Rinjani Mount National Park, East Lombok. Sampling used the cruising method with five cruising lines, each line has a wide range of 20 meters. Morphological characters identify using the reference book Vascular Plant Systematics, and the kinship relationship dendrogram was created using past 4.09 software. Samples were collected and documented as herbarium, then identified their morphological characters and species. The results of the study found six species of Zingiberaceae which belong to three sub-family, namely Zingiberoideae: Curcuma zanthorrhiza and Hedychium coronarium; Alpinioideae: Amomum dealbatum, Etlingera spinulosa and Etlingera rubroloba, and Costoideae: Costus spiralis.

Antibacterial Effectiveness Test of Ethanol Extract of Gadung Mango Leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Bacteria

Indira Pipit Miranti — 2024-01-01

Infection is a disease that often occurs in Indonesia. This disease is caused by pathogenic microbes, one of which is bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are bacteria that cause infection. Pharmacological therapy for bacterial infections used to use antibiotics, currently tends to use drugs that come from nature. One of the plants that has the potential as an antibacterial is gadung mango leaves. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mango leaf ethanol extract against S.aureus and E.coli bacteria. The method used was well diffusion with concentrations of ethanol extract of mango leaves 0.5% (S1), 0.75% (S2), 1% (S3), streptomycin (K+), and ethanol (K-), respectively treatment was repeated 5 times. Data that can be analyzed using One Way ANOVA with a significant level of 0.05. Based on the results of the antibacterial extract of ethanol extract of mango gadung leaves, it has the potential to be better on E. coli bacteria, namely at a concentration of 1% (S3) of 16.05 mm, whereas on S.aureus K+ bacteria (Streptomycin) it is better on control + of 15.9 mm.

Arbuscula Mycorrhizal Fungi on The Rhizosphere Three in The Ex-Sand Mine at Cipancur-Kuningan West Java

Ika Karyaningsih — 2024-01-01

Sand and stone mining activities in Kuningan Regency cause damage to soil and environmental ecosystems, so reclamation and revegetation are carried out. The purpose of this study is to determine the existence of indigenous / local Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (FMA) found in the rhizozofer stands of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and Acacia (Acacia mangium) which are revegetation plants on the land of former sand and stone mines Cipancur village, Kalimanggis district, Kuningan regency. Sampling using the composite sampling method, FMA isolation technique using the wet pour method is then continued with the centrifugation technique and root colonization observation technique using the root staining technique (staining). The temperature of the ex-mining soil ranges from 28C – 29C, the soil pH is 5.5 including acidic, the soil moisture varies between wet, medium (slightly wet) and dry (dry) but during the rainy season the soil will become wet and even flooded. The results showed that there were 5 genera, it are Acaulospora, Glomus, Gigaspora, Sclerocytis and Scutellospora. The dominant genus is Glomus. The highest spore density was found in Sengon stands with 1,157 spores per 50 grams of soil. The highest percentage of AMF infection was at the root of Sengon stands at 69% from the ex-sand mining area.

Student’s Environmental Literacy Profile SMPN 1 Pekalongan

Ikasari Dewi — 2024-01-01

Education is one effort to overcome environmental problems. This effort needs to start by knowing the profile of students. This research aims to determine the literacy profile of students at SMP N 1 Pekalongan. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The sample in this study was 122 students from class VII. This research indicator refers to NELA, an environmental literacy assessment project implemented in the United States. The data collection technique is through tests using the Middle School Environmental Literacy Survey (MSELS). The test includes four indicators, namely: ecological knowledge, environmental problem-solving skills, attitudes and concern for the environment, and environmentally responsible behavior. Research data was analyzed descriptively based on achievement value criteria. The results of the research show that the environmental literacy level of students at SMP N 1 Pekalongan is 57.32, which is categorized as medium. The ecological knowledge indicator is 50.24 (fair), environmental problem-solving skills is 43.77 (fair), attitude and concern for the environment is 66.25 (good) and environmentally responsible behavior is 69.04 (good). Efforts need to be made so that students' environmental literacy at SMP N 1 Pekalongan in each indicator reaches the outstanding category.

The Effect of Thiamine HCL Concentration Variation on the Seedling of Phalaenopsis Var. Happy Valentine

Handini — 2024-01-01

Phalaenopsis var. Happy Valentine orchid is a plant with a growth and flowering process of approximately 1-2 years. Generally, orchids can bloom in about 9-12 months. Optimal concentrations of Thiamine HCl (vitamin B₁) are required to support the vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis var. Happy orchids. This research aims to determine the effect and the best concentration of vitamin B₁ among 1ml, 2ml, and 3ml on the vegetative growth, including leaf span, root quantity, leaf width, and length of young leaves of Phalaenopsis var. Happy Valentine seedlings. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with treatment factors being the concentration of vitamin B₁ and Growmore fertilizer, comprising four treatment levels and six replications, namely V0 = 2gr/L Growmore fertilizer, V1 = 2gr/L Growmore fertilizer + 1ml B₁, V2 = 2gr/L Growmore fertilizer + 2ml B₁, dan V3 = 2gr/L Growmore fertilizer + 3ml B₁. This research used 24 Phalaenopsis var. Happy Valentine orchid seedlings as research samples. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with a significance level 0.05 and subsequently subjected to Duncan's test. The results indicate that vitamin B₁ significantly affects leaf span, length of young leaves, and the quantity of roots in Phalaenopsis var. Happy Valentine.